Public prosecution of the Slovak Republic is an independent government authority, which protects lawful rights and interests of individuals, legal entities and the state. It has its own budget within the state budget of the Slovak Republic. The public prosecution is obligated within framework of its province to take measures to prevent, find out and eliminate law violation, restore violated rights and draw responsibility. The public prosecution of the Slovak Republic has a decision making, supervising and control competence. Position of the public prosecution is regulated by the Article no. 149 of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic. It defines the public prosecution as an institution designed to protect law.

Organizational structure of the public prosecution corresponds to the organizational structure of the courts of the Slovak Republic. First instance is represented by 45 district public prosecutions and second instance by 8 regional public prosecutions. The judge-advocate department operating in the Slovak Republic Forces is a part of the public prosecution of the Slovak Republic. It is represented by 3 district judge-advocate departments of the first instance, higher judge-advocate department of the second instance and the highest institution, the Judge-advocate general office.

Highest authority of the public prosecution is the Office of the prosecutor general of the Slovak Republic at the head with a prosecutor general. The judge-advocate general is a part of the Office of the prosecutor general of the Slovak Republic. The Office of the prosecutor general of the Slovak Republic pronounces previous convictions according to a special law. Organization of courts and prosecution does not correspond with the division of territorial administration of the state on the district level.